What is the mechanism of action of ivermectin?

Ivermectin's mechanism of action primarily involves its effect on the nerve and muscle function of parasitic organisms, leading to paralysis and death of these parasites. It works by binding to specific ion channels, particularly glutamate-gated chloride channels, which are crucial for neuromuscular transmission in invertebrates. By enhancing the permeability of the cell membranes to chloride ions, ivermectin induces hyperpolarization of the neurons and muscle cells, ultimately causing paralysis. This action effectively disrupts the myoneural junction of the parasites and impairs their mobility and survival.

While the other mechanisms listed focus on different cellular processes, they do not accurately describe how ivermectin operates. Its specific action on the neuromuscular system of parasites is what makes it effective for treating conditions caused by parasitic infections.