What is the role of the celiac trunk?

The celiac trunk is a major artery that arises from the abdominal aorta and plays a vital role in supplying blood to several critical structures in the upper digestive tract. It primarily serves the foregut, which includes the stomach, liver, spleen, and the first part of the duodenum.

Upon branching, the celiac trunk divides into three main arteries: the left gastric artery, the splenic artery, and the common hepatic artery. Each of these branches supplies key organs within the foregut region. The left gastric artery provides blood to the lesser curvature of the stomach, the splenic artery supplies the spleen, and the common hepatic artery branches further to supply the liver and parts of the duodenum.

Understanding the celiac trunk's supply is essential for comprehending its role in gastrointestinal physiology and pathology, as well as its importance during surgical procedures involving the abdominal organs.