Which antibodies are associated with dermatomyositis?

Dermatomyositis is an inflammatory myopathy characterized by muscle weakness and skin rashes. The condition is often associated with specific autoantibodies that mirror its immunological profile. The presence of anti-synthetase antibodies is particularly relevant in dermatomyositis as they target aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. This group of antibodies can indicate a more severe form of the disease and is commonly associated with interstitial lung disease.

Additionally, anti-helicase antibodies, more formally known as anti-Mi-2 antibodies, are also linked with dermatomyositis, especially when classic skin findings, such as heliotrope rash or Gottron's papules, are present. These antibodies are specific for dermatomyositis and if present, can confirm the diagnosis and may be indicative of a more favorable prognosis.

The other autoimmune antibodies mentioned in the options are typically associated with different conditions. For instance, anti-TPO and anti-TSH antibodies are linked to thyroid autoimmune disorders, while anti-DNA and Anti-Smith antibodies are commonly found in systemic lupus erythematosus. Anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA) are more of a general marker and can be associated with many autoimmune conditions, but do not provide the same specificity for